11. Generally speaking, Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies written in the second period are (1)________________, (2)________________, (3)_________________, and (4) _________________.

12. The greatest of the English humanists was Thomas More, who is the author of (1)_________.

13. (1) ________________ is a literary movement which came into being in England early in the latter half of the 18^th century. With the publication of William Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads in collaboration with S.T. Coleridge in 1798, the literary movement began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature. During this period, many famous English writers such as (2)____________________, (3)_____________________,(4) _________________ etc. wrote beautiful poems or prose.

14. The author of Tess of the D’Urbervilles is (1)____________.

15.Yan Fu’s three-character translation principle includes (1)____________, (2)________________, (3)_____________.

16.In terms of mode, translation can be divided into (1)____________, (2)___________, (3)______________.

17.When we render as poor as a church mouse into 一贫如洗, the translation method we’ve used is (1)__________ _________; when we render killing two birds with one stone into 一石二鸟, the translation method we’ve used is called (2)_________ __________.

18.Lin Shu is a great Chinese translator and his masterpieces are (1) ___________ (2) ___________.

AD:氟气气体检测仪、探测器、报警器

Ⅱ.Choose the right one from A.B.C.D for each blank20分)

请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号。

1. Linda _____ the famous director into giving her a leading role in one of his plays and she became instantly successful.

A. cheated B. coaxed

C. attracted D. tempted

2. Lydia was very _____ of her twin sister Lucy’s good achievements in school, and decided to catch up with her.

A. envious B. happy

C. pleased D. jealous

3. While most scientists grant that ________ life may well exist elsewhere in the universe, a convincing photograph of a UFO has yet to be taken.

A. important B. intelligent

C. clever D. intellectual

1. Since World War 11, Canadian literature has gained in volume and ________ , reflecting and encouraging a raised national consciousness.

A. characteristics B. productivity

C creativity D. creation

2. Police usually scan fingerprints electronically and then search the criminal database to ________ fingerprints so as to identify the criminal.

A. understand B. match

C. study D. analyze

3. The attached device ________ your electric fan into a desk lamp.

A. changes B. transforms

C. alters D. converts

4. Now the new engine is ______ more and more public attention.

A. receiving B. accepting

C. obtaining D. focusing

5. This encyclopedia is the most ______ book I have ever read, for it gives me lots of knowledge.

A. educating B. fascinating

C. enlightening D. instructing

6. Burning coal produces carbon dioxide, which may ____ the greenhouse effect and global warming.

A. contribute to B. account to

C. result from D. bring around

7. Perspective drawing aims to represent the actual three-dimensional_______ of an object from a given point of view.

A. angle B. appeal

C. area D. aspect

8. During our holiday in Venice we went on a few _______ to places nearby.

A. voyages B. trips

C. journeys D. travels

12. Qualifications are not absolutely _______ , but some previous experience is useful.

A. basic B. essential

C. fundamental D. elementary

13. Your work is ______, but I’m sure you could do better.

A. enough B. sufficient

C. adequate D. appropriate

14. Confectionery is _____ .

A. cakes B. spice

C. meats D. sweet foods

15. _______ is a metric unit of capacity.

A. Litre B. Kilogram

C. Metre D. Inch

16. The sprinkler system installed in buildings is usually activated by heat from a fire, and the sprinkler heads then _____ water over the fire area.

A. discharge B. pour

C. give away D. throw

17. Concerned with the worldwide pollution problems, people from all walks of life are struggling to ________ the impact of human activity on the natural world.

A. decrease B. degrade

C. lessen D. lower

18. In his speech, there is no information _____ to the recent development in cancer research.

A. belonging B. bringing

C. leading D. pertaining

19. For some serious coin collectors, a coin with a different date, mint mark, and even a little______ in design is counted as a different coin.

A. contrast B. diversity

C. variety D. variation

20. In different historical times, governments have ______ by various means to promote the common welfare of the members of the society over which it exercises control.

A. decided B. endeavored

C. manoeuvred D. struggled

III. Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank 10分)

请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号

prison defence

guilt criminal

defendant afford

verdict cross-examine

attend right

innocence court

evidence at

offence tried

counsel appeal

unanimous prosecution

Since (1) law in Britain presumes the innocence of the accused until his (2) has been proved, the prosecution is not granted any advantage over the defence. A (3) has the right to employ a legal adviser for his (4) and if he cannot (5) to pay he may be granted legal aid wholly or partly (6) the public expense; if remanded in custody he may be visited in (7) by his legal adviser to ensure that his defence is properly prepared.

During the trial the defendant has the right to hear and subsequently to (8) (normally through his counsel) all the witnesses for the (9) to call his own witnesses who, if they will not to (10) the trial of their own free will, may be legally compelled to attend; and to address the (11) either in person or through his (12), the defence having the (13) to the last speech at the trial.

In criminal trials by jury the judge determines questions of law, sums up the (14) for the benefit of the jury, and acquits the accused or passes sentence according to the (15) of the jury; but the jury alone decides the issue of guilt or (16). Verdicts need not necessarily be (17) in certain circumstances the jury may bring in a majority verdict provided that, in the normal jury of 12 people, there are not more than two dissentients.

If the jury returns a verdict of “ not guilty”, the prosecution has no right of (18) and the defendant cannot be (19) again for the same (20).

V. Translate the following two paragraphs into Chinese. (10分)

1. New York is too big to be dominated by any group, by Wasps or Jews or blacks, or by Catholics of many origins—Irish, Italian, Hispanic. All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be reckoned with and tough in asserting their claims, but none is powerful enough to subdue the others. But the New Yorkers themselves are in training in how to live together in a diversity of races--- the necessary initiation into the future.

第14 页

12. The diversity gives endless color to the city, so that walking in it is a constant education in sights and smells. There is a wonderful variety of places to eat or shop, and though the most successful of such places are likely to be touristy hybrid compromises, they too have genuine roots. Other American cities have ethnic turfs jealously defended, but not, I think, such an admixture of groups, thrown together in such jarring juxtapositions. In the same way, avenues of high-rise luxury in New York are never far from poverty and mean streets. The sadness and fortitude of New York must be celebrated, along with its treasures of art and music. The combination is unstable; it produces friction, or an uneasy forbearance that sometimes becomes a real toleration.

Ⅵ. English composition. (50分)

Read the following passage and then write a fluent and well-organized essay of 400 words at least, in which you make comments on the passage. Your essay should include: (1) the main idea of the passage and (2) your views about them, giving brief reasons.

British Doctors Urge Public Smoking Ban

Britain’s most senior doctors urged the government Tuesday to follow the example of Ireland and many U.S. cities and impose a ban on smoking in public.

An alliance of doctors’ leaders said passive smoking kills 1.000 people each year in Britain and causes asthma, lung infections and ear diseases in children.

The presidents of Britain’s Royal Colleges of medicine, independent professional bodies, said a workplace ban alone would cut many deaths from passive smoking and could lead an estimated 300,000 people to give up.

“The time has come to make public places smoke-free,” they wrote in a letter to the Times newspaper. “Most find cigarette smoke unpleasant and irritating and the majority of smokers and non-smokers would prefer public spaces to be smoke-free.”

Lord Greville Janner----a peer in the ruling Labor party and a long-term term campaigner against smoking --- welcomed the letter and said he would urge the government to heed its call.

“If this…is carried into effect, it will reduce deaths from both active and passive smoking by tens of thousands every year,” he said in a statement.

But junior health minister Melanie Johnson rejected the idea of a ban, saying it would not get public support.

“The ban idea is still premature,” she told BBC radio. “There is a great deal more to be done by way of public persuasion and education.” She said a lot more could be done to reduce smoking on a voluntary basis.

Anti-smoking campaign group ASH said that was not enough. “If the government has rejected calls for a new law, then it must spell out what exactly it does intend to do about the problem,” ASH director Deborah Arnott said.

“To rely on voluntary action without clear timetable targets and government support would be to fail those whose health is threatened by second-hand smoke and to abandon a vital weapon in the armory of tobacco control.”

In July, Britain’s Chief Medical Officer Liam Donaldson said the government should follow Ireland and New York and ban smoking in public places, including Britain’s beloved pubs.

The European Commission said in September it was considering using worker safety laws to ban smoking in cafes, bars and restaurants. It has launched a series of measures to crack down on the habit, including a ban on tobacco advertising and stark warnings on cigarette packets.

Smoking kills more than 120,000 Britons each year and more and more young people are taking up the habit, according to the Department of Health.

三 峡 大 学

2004年研究生入学考试试题

考试科目：英语语言学

（答案必须写在答题纸上）

I. There are 30 sentences in this section. Fill in each blank with a suitable word, and write your answers on your answer sheet30 points)

1. linguistics is the study of a language through the course of its history.

2. Etic and Emic originate from and .

3 communion refers to the social integration of a language.

4. phonetics is concerned with the perception of speech sounds.

5. Pronouns and prepositions are called the class in lexicology.

6. is a process involving an alteration in the sequence of sounds.

7. is a process in which meaning is borrowed but the form is native.

8. The word syntax is originally derived from

Language.

9. The morpheme syn means .

10. Tense and aspect are two important categories of the

.

11. Saussure distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utterances) as and .

12. Endocentric construction has and type of constructions.

13. An initial step in understanding any message is the of

words.

14. The way of comparing one thing with another is called .

15. A spondaic foot consists of two syllables.

16. A foot consists of two unstressed syllables.

17. Units of a metre are called .

18. Couplets are lines of verse.

19. The expansion of CALL is .

20. In computational linguistics the expansion of PLATO is

.

21. The expansion of CDROM is .

22. A corpus is a large body of machine readable text.

23. is the grammatically incorrect form in a language.

24. and are the input skills of a language.

25. Ferdinand Saussure is the father of

Linguistics.

26. Edward Sapir was an eminent linguist.

27. A.N.Chomsky is the founder of theory.

28. The sound segments are grouped into and .

29. Systemic – Functional grammar has two components. They are and .

30. Gender is mostly a category of the and pronoun.

II. There are 20 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are 4 words or phrases marked a), b),c) and d). Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on your answer sheet.(20 points)

1.Psycholinguistics studies the .

a) interrelation of language and mind

b) connection between language and body

c) relationship between human beings and animals

d) none of the above