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萝卜菜 2005-4-5 12:07

江苏大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：基础英语Part I Vocabulary (20%)1. Abraham Lincoln was an excellent writer and was able to express his ideas lucidly.
a. clearly b. cleverly c. briefly d. vigorously2. The dodder seed germinates in the ground, producing only a short root to anchor the stem.
a. rots b. rotates c. sprouts d. shrinks3. Public elections are sometimes held to settle differences between antagonistic groups in a govern body.
a. quarrelling b. unyielding c. military d. partisan4. Cobalt in infinitesimal amount is one of the metals essential to life.
a. prescribed b. minute c. limited d. restricted5. The Apollo II astronauts were quarantined when they returned to Earth.
a. praised by the press b. interviewed on television
c. contaminated with lunar germs d. isolated for medical reasons6. Many classical music lovers feel disoriented when they listen to modern atonal music.
a. disgusted b. disappointed c. lost d. enchanted7. Because gymnasts exercise regularly, they have supple bodies.
a. aching b. humble c super d. limber8. The bleaching of laundry by sunlight is at least partly a photochemical process.
a. airing b. drying c. whitening d. scrubbing9. The amenities of civilization are left behind when an individual embarks on a camping trip in a remote area.
a. activities b. rules c. comforts d. signs10. Proper exercise plays a significant role in the rehabilitation of patients with various back ailments.
a. operation b. recovery c. casting d. relaxation11. Horse riding embraces both the skill of handling a horse and the mastery of diverse riding styles.
a. fosters b. emphasizes c. exaggerates d. includes12. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in discord and a lack of unity in style.a. compromise b. disharmony c. disillusion d. anxiety

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<v:rect></v:rect><v:shapetype><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:path connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t"></v:path></v:shapetype><v:shape><v:textbox style="mso-next-textbox: #_x0000_s1027" inset="0,0,0,0"><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"><TR><TD #d8d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d8d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d8d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d8d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent"><DIV>第2页</DIV></TD></TR></TABLE></v:textbox><w:wrap type="square"></w:wrap></v:shape>13. Diplomatic misunderstandings can often be traced back to blunders in translation.
a. mistakes b. attempts c. insults d. arguments14. Many movies receive disparaging reviews from film experts and yet become extremely successful.a. authoritative b. lengthy c. uninteresting d. negative15. The space _______ in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the <st1:place>Soviet Union</st1:place>.
a. initiated b. originated c. embarked d. commenced16. The fire has caused great losses, but the factory tried to _______ the consequences by saying that the damage was not as serious as reported.
a. decrease b. subtract c. minimize d. degrade17. Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even ______ in the a. gliding b. cruising c. piloting d. patrolling18. In the past ten years skyscrapers have developed ______ in <st1:City><st1:place>Chicago</st1:place></st1:City> and <st1:State><st1:place>New York</st1:place></st1:State>.
a. homogeneously b. simultaneously c. spontaneously d. harmoniously19. Even when textbooks are _________ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.a. commonplace b. standardized c. competitive d. generalized20. The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been _________.a. identified b. guaranteed c. noticed d. conveyed

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Part II Eliminating Unnecessary Words. (20%)Example: If it is true, <S>as it seems to be</S>, that life makes a wise man smile and a foolish man cry …Perhaps the most interesting person I have ever met is an interesting Italian professor of philosophy who teaches courses at <st1:place><st1:PlaceType>University</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName>Pisa</st1:PlaceName></st1:place> in <st1:country-region><st1:place>Italy</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten over the long years his special qualities. First of all, I was impressed from the beginning by his complete devotion to teaching his students. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and invariably clearly delivered, a great many students always swarmed into his classroom, filling the classroom to capacity. His many followers also appreciated the fact that he thoroughly believed in what he taught to students and that he was always intellectually stimulating to hear. Further more, he could be counted on in every class session to explain his ideas in an imaginative way, introducing such various aids to student understanding as oiling painting,

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phonograph records, pieces of sculpture, and guest lectures who were invited to speak to the class. Once he even sang a song in class before the students’ eyes in order to illustrate a philosophical points. Second, I admired the fact that he would confer with students at almost any time outside of the classroom or talk with them on the telephone. Drinking coffee in the snack bar after having taught a class, he would easily make friends with students with great ease. Sometimes he would issue a challenge to a student to join with him in a game of chess. At other times, he would quite readily join groups of students to discuss subjects ranging broadly from astronomy to scuba diving. Many young people visited him at one time or another in his office for academic advice; others came to his home for the purpose of social evenings. Finally, I was favorably impressed and attracted by his lively wit. He believed that no class hour is a success unless, during it, the students and the professor have a reason to join together to share several chuckles and at least one loud laugh. Through his inimitable and captivating sense of humor, he made learning much more enjoyable and much more lasting.

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Part III Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. (10%)The threat comes from two main directions: from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries who are now in the middle of a massive ___1___ of their merchant navies, and carving their way into the international shipping ____2___ by severely undercutting Western shipping ___3___; and from the merchant fleet of the developing nations, who are ___4___ on taking over the lion’s __5__ of the trade between Europe and Africa, Asia and the Far East – __6__ in which Britain has a big stake.Today, the British fleet no longer dominates the high seas: our share of the world’s merchant fleet has fallen from 40 per cent to around eight per cent. But, in terms of ___7___, the British merchant navy has __8__ expand. It can now carry ___9__ two-thirds more than it could in 1914, and, almost alone among our traditional industries, shipping has remained a major __10__ story.

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Part V Translation (30%)Section A Translation the following passage from English into Chinese. (15%)Both Crosby and Presley were creations of the microphone. It made it possible for people with frail voices not only to be heard beyond the third row but also to caress millions. <st1:place>Crosby</st1:place> was among the first to understand that the microphone made it possible to sing to multitudes by singing to a single person in a small room.Presley cuddled his microphone like a lover. With <st1:place>Crosby</st1:place> the microphone was usually concealed, but Presley brought it out on stage, detached it from its fitting, stroked it, pressed it to his mouth. It was a surrogate for his listener, and he made love to it unashamedly.The difference between Presley and Crosby, however, reflected generational differences which spoke of changing values in American life. <st1:place>Crosby</st1:place>’s music was soothing; Presley’s was disturbing. It is too easy to be glib about this, to say that Crosby was singing to, first, Depression America and, then, to wartime America, and that his audiences had all the disturbance they could handle in their daily lives without buying more at the record shop and movie theater.

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Section B Translate the following passage into English. (15%) <v:shapetype><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:path connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t"></v:path></v:shapetype><v:shape><v:textbox style="mso-next-textbox: #_x0000_s1026" inset="0,0,0,0"><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"><TR><TD #d8d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d8d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d8d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d8d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent"><DIV>第13页</DIV></TD></TR></TABLE></v:textbox><w:wrap type="square"></w:wrap></v:shape><v:rect></v:rect> 随着女儿越来越大，我发现她喜欢爸爸明显多于我。有好吃的，总要给爸爸留一份，我有没有吃她倒很少关心。每次出去玩照合影女儿都是与爸爸脸贴着脸，紧紧抱住爸爸，把我晾在一边。 以前如果有人问女儿：“爸爸好还是妈妈好？”女儿的回答一律是爸爸好。后来经过老公的调教，现在的回答是爸爸妈妈都好。去年九月份我们搬到新房，买了两棵室内植物，我们管它叫小树。我老公认为室内植物的光合作用对改善空气成份有很大作用，又买了一棵，我嫌多余，而且装树的瓷瓶看起来很土。第二天老公上班后，女儿告诉我：“妈妈，这树多漂亮啊！”小家伙居然会替爸爸说话。新房装修时因为老公没时间，就把我父母接过来，一段时间过后，母亲笑对我说：“闺女，你以后的日子也不好过啊！”原来老人家是担心以后我闺女会帮着爸爸“欺负”她闺女。 Part VI Writing (30%)Those who take up careers on the stage are usually more popular and wealthier than either scientists or professors. Despite their popularity, don’t they experience some disadvantages? Write a composition of about 300 words on the following topic:Are Pop Stars Happy? （阅读省略）

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To be continued------

萝卜菜 2005-4-6 08:54

三峡大学2004年研究生入学考试试题考试科目：综合英语总分150 （所有答案必须写在答题纸上）Ⅰ.Information about English Linguistics and Literature:Complete the following statements: (30分) 请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号。 1.Various models of teacher learning have been suggested; the three ones, as described in Wallace (1993), are (1)______ model, the applied science model and (2)__________ model.2. A language course may be based on pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, or on the more “communicative” categories of topic, (1)________, notion and (2)_________.3. In the past half century, language teaching and learning practices have been influenced by three different views of Language: (1)_______, the functional view and (2)____________.4. The term (1)__________is used in contrast to Noam Chomsky’s term (2) _______________, which is understood as the tacit knowledge of language structure and the ability to use this knowledge to understand and produce language. 5. Two of Ferdinand de Saussure’s students, (1)____________and Albert Sechehaly, collected lecture notes from his students and put them together to produce the great work: (2) ___________________in 1916.6. P. Grice suggests that there is a set of assumptions guiding the conduct of conversation. This is what he calls the (1) __________________. And he formulates its (2)____________.7.There are two major approaches to error analysis ---(1)_____________ and (2)__________________.8. The concept of pronunciation may be said to include: phonology, (1) ________ and (2) _______, intonation.9. Although people’ understanding of communicative language teaching varies, the following three principles, which have been suggested by Richards and Rodgers, have been generally agreed upon:(1)_________, (2)_________, and meaningfulness principle.10. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis has two major thrusts: (1)__________, (2)__________.

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11. Generally speaking, Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies written in the second period are (1)________________, (2)________________, (3)_________________, and (4) _________________. 12. The greatest of the English humanists was Thomas More, who is the author of (1)_________.13. (1) ________________ is a literary movement which came into being in <st1:country-region><st1:place>England</st1:place></st1:country-region> early in the latter half of the 18th century. With the publication of William Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads in collaboration with S.T. Coleridge in 1798, the literary movement began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature. During this period, many famous English writers such as (2)____________________, (3)_____________________,(4) _________________ etc. wrote beautiful poems or prose.14. The author of Tess of the D’Urbervilles is (1)____________. 15.Yan Fu’s three-character translation principle includes (1)____________, (2)________________, (3)_____________.16.In terms of mode, translation can be divided into (1)____________, (2)___________, (3)______________.17.When we render as poor as a church mouse into 一贫如洗, the translation method we’ve used is (1)__________ _________; when we render killing two birds with one stone into 一石二鸟, the translation method we’ve used is called (2)_________ __________.18.Lin Shu is a great Chinese translator and his masterpieces are (1) ___________ (2) ___________.

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Ⅱ.Choose the right one from A.B.C.D for each blank:(20分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号。1. Linda _____ the famous director into giving her a leading role in one of his plays and she became instantly successful. A. cheated B. coaxed C. attracted D. tempted2. <st1:country-region><st1:place>Lydia</st1:place></st1:country-region> was very _____ of her twin sister Lucy’s good achievements in school, and decided to catch up with her.A. envious B. happyC. pleased D. jealous3. While most scientists grant that ________ life may well exist elsewhere in the universe, a convincing photograph of a UFO has yet to be taken.A. important B. intelligentC. clever D. intellectual

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1. Since World War 11, Canadian literature has gained in volume and ________ , reflecting and encouraging a raised national consciousness.A. characteristics B. productivityC creativity D. creation2. Police usually scan fingerprints electronically and then search the criminal database to ________ fingerprints so as to identify the criminal. A. understand B. matchC. study D. analyze3. The attached device ________ your electric fan into a desk lamp.A. changes B. transformsC. alters D. converts4. Now the new engine is ______ more and more public attention.A. receiving B. acceptingC. obtaining D. focusing5. This encyclopedia is the most ______ book I have ever read, for it gives me lots of knowledge.A. educating B. fascinatingC. enlightening D. instructing6. Burning coal produces carbon dioxide, which may ____ the greenhouse effect and global warming.A. contribute to B. account to C. result from D. bring around7. Perspective drawing aims to represent the actual three-dimensional_______ of an object from a given point of view.A. angle B. appeal C. area D. aspect8. During our holiday in <st1:City><st1:place>Venice</st1:place></st1:City> we went on a few _______ to places nearby.A. voyages B. tripsC. journeys D. travels12. Qualifications are not absolutely _______ , but some previous experience is useful. A. basic B. essential C. fundamental D. elementary13. Your work is ______, but I’m sure you could do better. A. enough B. sufficientC. adequate D. appropriate14. Confectionery is _____ .A. cakes B. spice

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C. meats D. sweet foods15. _______ is a metric unit of capacity. A. Litre B. Kilogram C. Metre D. Inch 16. The sprinkler system installed in buildings is usually activated by heat from a fire, and the sprinkler heads then _____ water over the fire area.A. discharge B. pourC. give away D. throw17. Concerned with the worldwide pollution problems, people from all walks of life are struggling to ________ the impact of human activity on the natural world.A. decrease B. degradeC. lessen D. lower18. In his speech, there is no information _____ to the recent development in cancer research.A. belonging B. bringingC. leading D. pertaining19. For some serious coin collectors, a coin with a different date, mint mark, and even a little______ in design is counted as a different coin.A. contrast B. diversityC. variety D. variation20. In different historical times, governments have ______ by various means to promote the common welfare of the members of the society over which it exercises control.A. decided B. endeavoredC. manoeuvred D. struggled

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III. Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank:( 10分) 请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号 prison defenceguilt criminaldefendant affordverdict cross-examineattend rightinnocence courtevidence atoffence triedcounsel appealunanimous prosecution Since (1) law in <st1:country-region><st1:place>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region> presumes the innocence of the accused until his (2) has been proved, the prosecution is not granted any advantage over the defence. A (3) has the right to employ a legal adviser for his (4) and if he cannot (5) to pay he may be granted legal aid wholly or partly (6) the public expense; if remanded in custody he may be visited in (7) by his legal adviser to ensure that his defence is properly prepared. During the trial the defendant has the right to hear and subsequently to (8) (normally through his counsel) all the witnesses for the (9) to call his own witnesses who, if they will not to (10) the trial of their own free will, may be legally compelled to attend; and to address the (11) either in person or through his (12), the defence having the (13) to the last speech at the trial.In criminal trials by jury the judge determines questions of law, sums up the (14) for the benefit of the jury, and acquits the accused or passes sentence according to the (15) of the jury; but the jury alone decides the issue of guilt or (16). Verdicts need not necessarily be (17) in certain circumstances the jury may bring in a majority verdict provided that, in the normal jury of 12 people, there are not more than two dissentients.If the jury returns a verdict of “ not guilty”, the prosecution has no right of (18) and the defendant cannot be (19) again for the same (20).

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V. Translate the following two paragraphs into Chinese. (10分)1. <st1:State><st1:place>New York</st1:place></st1:State> is too big to be dominated by any group, by Wasps or Jews or blacks, or by Catholics of many origins—Irish, Italian, Hispanic. All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be reckoned with and tough in asserting their claims, but none is powerful enough to subdue the others. But the New Yorkers themselves are in training in how to live together in a diversity of races--- the necessary initiation into the future.<TABLE medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 372.35pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 44.8pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=60 border=1><TR 23.45pt; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><TD #d8d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 44.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 23.45pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=60>第14 页</TD></TR></TABLE>12. The diversity gives endless color to the city, so that walking in it is a constant education in sights and smells. There is a wonderful variety of places to eat or shop, and though the most successful of such places are likely to be touristy hybrid compromises, they too have genuine roots. Other American cities have ethnic turfs jealously defended, but not, I think, such an admixture of groups, thrown together in such jarring juxtapositions. In the same way, avenues of high-rise luxury in <st1:State><st1:place>New York</st1:place></st1:State> are never far from poverty and mean streets. The sadness and fortitude of <st1:State><st1:place>New York</st1:place></st1:State> must be celebrated, along with its treasures of art and music. The combination is unstable; it produces friction, or an uneasy forbearance that sometimes becomes a real toleration.

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Ⅵ. English composition. (50分)Read the following passage and then write a fluent and well-organized essay of 400 words at least, in which you make comments on the passage. Your essay should include: (1) the main idea of the passage and (2) your views about them, giving brief reasons. British Doctors Urge Public Smoking Ban <st1:country-region><st1:place>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s most senior doctors urged the government Tuesday to follow the example of <st1:country-region><st1:place>Ireland</st1:place></st1:country-region> and many <st1:country-region><st1:place>U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> cities and impose a ban on smoking in public.An alliance of doctors’ leaders said passive smoking kills 1.000 people each year in <st1:country-region><st1:place>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region> and causes asthma, lung infections and ear diseases in children.The presidents of <st1:country-region><st1:place>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s Royal Colleges of medicine, independent professional bodies, said a workplace ban alone would cut many deaths from passive smoking and could lead an estimated 300,000 people to give up.“The time has come to make public places smoke-free,” they wrote in a letter to the Times newspaper. “Most find cigarette smoke unpleasant and irritating and the majority of smokers and non-smokers would prefer public spaces to be smoke-free.”

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Lord Greville Janner----a peer in the ruling Labor party and a long-term term campaigner against smoking --- welcomed the letter and said he would urge the government to heed its call.“If this…is carried into effect, it will reduce deaths from both active and passive smoking by tens of thousands every year,” he said in a statement.But junior health minister Melanie Johnson rejected the idea of a ban, saying it would not get public support. “The ban idea is still premature,” she told BBC radio. “There is a great deal more to be done by way of public persuasion and education.” She said a lot more could be done to reduce smoking on a voluntary basis.Anti-smoking campaign group ASH said that was not enough. “If the government has rejected calls for a new law, then it must spell out what exactly it does intend to do about the problem,” ASH director Deborah Arnott said. “To rely on voluntary action without clear timetable targets and government support would be to fail those whose health is threatened by second-hand smoke and to abandon a vital weapon in the armory of tobacco control.” In July, <st1:country-region><st1:place>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s Chief Medical Officer Liam Donaldson said the government should follow <st1:country-region><st1:place>Ireland</st1:place></st1:country-region> and <st1:State><st1:place>New York</st1:place></st1:State> and ban smoking in public places, including <st1:country-region><st1:place>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s beloved pubs.The European Commission said in September it was considering using worker safety laws to ban smoking in cafes, bars and restaurants. It has launched a series of measures to crack down on the habit, including a ban on tobacco advertising and stark warnings on cigarette packets.Smoking kills more than 120,000 Britons each year and more and more young people are taking up the habit, according to the Department of Health.

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三峡大学2004年研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语语言学 （答案必须写在答题纸上）I. There are 30 sentences in this section. Fill in each blank with a suitable word, and write your answers on your answer sheet:(30 points)1. linguistics is the study of a language through the course of its history.2. Etic and Emic originate from and .3 communion refers to the social integration of a language.4. phonetics is concerned with the perception of speech sounds.5. Pronouns and prepositions are called the class in lexicology.6. is a process involving an alteration in the sequence of sounds.7. is a process in which meaning is borrowed but the form is native.8. The word syntax is originally derived from Language.9. The morpheme syn means .10. Tense and aspect are two important categories of the .11. Saussure distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utterances) as and .12. Endocentric construction has and type of constructions.13. An initial step in understanding any message is the of

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words.14. The way of comparing one thing with another is called .15. A spondaic foot consists of two syllables.16. A foot consists of two unstressed syllables.17. Units of a metre are called .18. Couplets are lines of verse.19. The expansion of CALL is .20. In computational linguistics the expansion of PLATO is .21. The expansion of CDROM is .22. A corpus is a large body of machine readable text.23. is the grammatically incorrect form in a language.24. and are the input skills of a language.25. Ferdinand Saussure is the father of Linguistics. 26. Edward Sapir was an eminent linguist.27. A.N.Chomsky is the founder of theory.28. The sound segments are grouped into and .29. Systemic – Functional grammar has two components. They are and .30. Gender is mostly a category of the and pronoun. II. There are 20 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are 4 words or phrases marked a), b),c) and d). Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on your answer sheet.(20 points)1.Psycholinguistics studies the .a) interrelation of language and mindb) connection between language and bodyc) relationship between human beings and animalsd) none of the above

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